Add. 12,178

URI: https://bl.syriac.uk/ms/77
Description based on Wright CLXII (108-111) Link to Archive.org Bibliographic record
Date: 9th or 10th century
Unspecified Syriac script (multiple hands) ܀ Parchment Codex, 247 leaves.
Features: Decoration
Wright's Subject Classification: Punctuation; Biblical Manuscripts
The Book of the Vowel-points of the Holy Scriptures ; Jacob of Edessa. Writings of Jacob of Edessa ; Epiphanius. The Lives of the Prophets, ascribed to Epiphanius ; Several short tracts; Some remarks on the points called rukkākh and kushshāi, in two sections

Physical Description

Vellum, about 10 3/8 in. by 7, consisting of 247 leaves, a few of which are much stained and torn, especially foll. 10, 230, 239, 240, 244, and 245. The quires, 25 in number, are signed with letters. Each page is divided into two columns, of from 24 to 34 lines.

Hand 1 (major, Unspecified Syriac script): This volume is written in a good, regular character, of the ixth or xth cent.
Hand 2 (major, West Syriac script): Greek vowels are added throughout (% and %), and also the various diacritical marks and signs of punctuation, rukkākh and kushshāi, being represented by red points of large size.
Hand 3 (minor, Unspecified Syriac script): See additions.
Decoration (Other):

Manuscript Contents

Note: Item numbering updated in digital edition.
Item 1 (Fol. 1b): The Book of the Vowel-points of the Holy Scriptures
 
Title:
ܥܠ ܚ̇ܝܠ̣ܗ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ: ܡ̇ܫܪܝܢܢ ܕܢܟܬܘܒ: ܟܘܪܣܐ ܕܫܡ̈ܗܐ ܕܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܩܕܝ̈ܫܐ. ܩܕܡܝܬ ܫ̈ܡܗܐ ܕܟܬܒܐ ܕܒܪܝܬܐ ܘ܀ܘ
Item 2 (Fol. 1b): The Old Testament, according to the Pěshiṭtā version
Item 3 (Fol. 1b): Genesis
  Incipit: ܒ̇ܪܳܫܺܝܬ݂ ܒ̣݁ܪܐܳ ܐܠܗܐ̣ ܝܿܬܼܳ ܫܡܝܐ̣ ܘܝܵܳܬ݂ ܐܪܥܐ. ܐܪܥܐ̇ ܗܘ̣ܬ݂̇ ܬ݁ܘܗ̣̇ ܘܒ̣ܘܼܽܗ̇. ܘܪܘܚܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ̣ ܡ̇ܪܰܚܦ̣ܐ ܥܠ ܐ̈ܦܝ ܡ̈ܝܐ. ܘܰܦ̣ܪܫ̣ ܐܠܗܐ ܒ̣ܝܬ ܢܘܼܗܪܐ ܠܚܫܘܟ݂ܐ. ܬ݁ܰ݀ܦ̣ܩ ܐܪܥܐ ܬ̣ܰܕܐܐ ܥܶܣܒ݁ܳܐ ܕܡ̣ܶܙܕܿܪܰܥ ܙܰܪܥ̣ܐ ܠܓ݂ܢܣܶܗ. ܕ̇ܢܶܨܒ݁ܬ݂ܶܗ ܒ݁ܶܗ ܥܠ ܐܪܥܐ. ܘܠܡܶܫ̣ܠܰܛܿ ܒ̇ܐܝܡܡܐ̣ ܘܒ̣ܠܠܝܐ. ܢ̇ܪܚܫܘܽܢ ܡ̈ܝܐ ܢܦ̣ܫܐ ܚ̇ܰܝ̣ܬ݂ܐܳ. ܘܟܠ ܢܦ̣ܫܐ ܚ̇ܰܝ̣ܬ݂ܐ ܕܪܰܚ̣ܫܐ ܕ̣ܐܪܚ̣ܶܫܘ ܡ̈ܝܐ ܠܓ݂ܢܣܗܘܢ. ܦ̣ܪܘܼ ܘܰܣܓ̣ܘܼ ܘܦ݂ܪܚܬ݂ܐ̣ ܬ̣ܶܣ̇ܓ̣ܐ ܒ̣ܐܪܥܐ. ܒ݁ܥܺܝܪܐ ܘܪܚ̣ܫܐ ܘܚܝܘܬ݂ܐ ܕ̣ܐܪܥܐ̣ ܠܓ݂ܶܢ̈ܣܶܝܗ̇. ܘܢ̇ܫܠܛܘܼܢ ܒ݁ܢ̈ܘܢܝ ܝܡܐ̣ ܘܒܦ݂ܪܚܬ݂ܐ ܕܫܡܝܐ. ܒ̣݁ܨܠܶܡ ܐܠܗܐ ܒ̤ܪܝܗܝ. ܕܟ̣ܰܕ݂ ܘܢܶܩܒ̣ܐܳ ܒ̤ܪܐ ܐܢܘܢ̇ ܘܰܡ̣ܠܰܘ ܐܪܥܐ̣ ܘܟ̣ܘܒ̣ܫܘܗ̇ ܘܰܫܠ̣ܰܛܘ ܒ݁ܢ̈ܘܢܝ ܝܡܐ̣ ܘܒ̣ܦ݂ܪܚܬ݂ܐ ܕܫܡܝܐ. ܘܒ̣ܒ̣ܥܺܝܪܐ ܘܒ̣ܟ̣ܠܗ̇ ܚܝܘܬܐ ܕܪܳܚ̇ܫܐܳ ܥܠ ܐܪܥܐ.
Item 4 (Fol. 10a): Exodus
Item 5 (Fol. 15a): Leviticus
Item 6 (Fol. 18b): Numbers
Item 7 (Fol. 24a): Deuteronomy
Item 8 (Fol. 30b): Joshua
Item 9 (Fol. 35b): Judges
Item 10 (Fol. 40a): Job
Item 11 (Fol. 46a): Samuel (undivided)
Item 12 (Fol. 56a): Psalms
Item 13 (Fol. 67b): Kings (undivided)
Item 14 (Fol. 78a): Isaiah
Item 15 (Fol. 89b): The twelve minor Prophets
Item 16 (Fol. 100a): Jeremiah
Item 17 (Fol. 109b): The Lamentations and the Prayer of Jeremiah
Item 18 (Fol. 111b): The two epistles of Baruch
Item 19 (Fol. 113b): The epistle of Jeremiah
Item 20 (Fol. 114a): Ezekiel
Item 21 (Fol. 123b): Daniel
Item 22 (Fol. 127b): Bel
Item 23 (Fol. 127b): The Dragon
Item 24 (Fol. 128a): Susannah
Item 25 (Fol. 129a): The Proverbs of Solomon
Item 26 (Fol. 135a): Ecclcsiastes
Item 27 (Fol. 137a): The Song of Songs
Item 28 (Fol. 139a): The book of Wisdom
Item 29 (Fol. 144a): Eccelesiasticus, or the Wisdom of Jesus the son of Sirach
Item 30 (Fol. 152a): The New Testament, according to the Pěshiṭtā version
Item 31 (Fol. 152a): The Acts of the Apostles
Item 32 (Fol. 160b): S. James. The epistle of S. James
Item 33 (Fol. 161a): S. Peter . The first epistle of S. Peter
Item 34 (Fol. 162a): S. John . The first epistle of S. John
Item 35 (Fol. 162b): S. Paul . the fourteen epistles of S. Paul, in the usual order
Item 36 (Fol. 180a): S. Matthew. The Gospel of S. Matthew
Item 37 (Fol. 189a): S. Mark . S. Mark
Item 38 (Fol. 192b): S. Luke. S. Luke
Item 39 (Fol. 201a): S. John . S. John
Item 40 (Fol. 206a): 3. The New Testament, according to the Harklensian version
Item 41 (Fol. 206a): The Acts of the Apostles
Item 42 (Fol. 210b): S. Paul . The epistles of S. Paul
Item 43 (Fol. 216b): The four Gospels
Item 44 (Fol. 223b): Jacob of Edessa. Writings of Jacob of Edessa
Item 45 (Fol. 223b): Jacob of Edessa. A letter to George, bishop of Sarūg
 
Title:
ܐܓܪܬܐ ܕܩܕܝܫܐ ܘܚܟܝܡ ܒܐܠܗ̈ܝܬܐ ܡܪܝ ܝܥܩ݊ܘܒ ܐܦܝܣܩܘܦܐ ܕܐܘܪܗܝ ܠܘܬ ܚܣ̣ܝܐ ܘܩܕܝܫܐ ܡܪܝ ܓܶܐ݊ܘܪܓܺܝ ܐܦܝܣܩܘܦܐ ܕܣܪܘܓ ܘܒܐܝ̈ܕܘܗܝ ܠܟܠܗܘܢ ܟܬܘ̈ܒܐ܇ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܒܟܬܒܐ ܗܢܐ ܥܬܝܕܝܢ ܠܡ̣ܦܓܥ
Notes:
Item 46 (Fol. 228a): Jacob of Edessa. A tract on the tenses, persons, fenders, diacritical marks, and signs of punctuation
 
Title:
ܕܝܠܗ ܟܕ ܕܝܠܗ ܕܡܪܝ ܝܥܩܘܒ ܡܛܠ ܦܪ̈ܨܘܦܐ ܘܙܒ̣̈ܢܐ
Notes:
Item 47 (Fol. 232a): Jacob of Edessa. A tract on the signs of punctuation or accents, showing by examples how they are to be written
 
Title:
ܬܘܒ ܡܛܠܬܗܘܢ ܕܝܠܗܘܢ ܕܢܘ̈ܩܙܐ ܗܠܝܢ ܕܐܝܟܢܐ ܡ̣ܬܝܕܥܐ ܕܘܟܬܐ ܕܟܠ ܚܕ ܚܕ ܡܢܗܘܢ̇ ܗ̇ܢܘܢ ܕܡܢ ܐܢ̈ܫܝܢ ܚ̈ܦܝܛܐ ܐܬܬܩ̣ܢܘ
Item 48 (Fol. 234b): Epiphanius. The Lives of the Prophets, ascribed to Epiphanius
 
Title:
ܕܩܕܝܫܐ ܐܦܝܦܐܢܝܘܣ ܐܦܝ܏ܣ ܕܩܘܦܪܘܣ̣. ܡܢ ܟܬܒܐ ܕܬܪ̈ܝܢ ܕܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܥܡ̣̈ܝܠܢ ܠܗ ܡܛܠ ܫ̈ܡܗܐ ܕܢ̈ܒܝܐ ܘܐܬܪ̈ܘܬܗܘܢ
Notes:
Item 49 (Fol. 240): Several short tracts
Item 50 (Fol. 240a): Thomas the deacon. 1. The names of the signs of punctuation, according to Thomas the deacon (Thomas of Heraclea?)
 
Title:
ܫ̈ܡܗܐ ܕܢܘ̈ܩܙܐ ܕܥܒ̣ܝܕܝܢ ܠܬܐܘܡܐ ܡܫܡܫܢܐ
Item 51 (Fol. 240a): The signs of punctuation, with examples of their use
 
Title:
ܫܘܚܠܦܐ ܕܐܝܟܢܐ ܡ̣ܬܩܪܐ ܟܠܚܕ ܡܢܗܘܢ ܒܢܝܫܗ
Note: These tracts have been edited by the Abbé Martin , and in part by Dr. Phillips , in the works cited above. On Thomas the deacon see, in particular, Dr. Phillips’ third Appendix, p. 90 .
Item 52 (Fol. 240a): Tract 1
Item 53 (Fol. 241b): Tract 2
Item 54 (Fol. 242a): The names of Greek accents
 
Title:
ܫܡ̈ܗܐ ܕܢܘ̈ܩܙܐ ܕܠܝܘܢ̈ܝܐ ܫܟܝܚܝܢ
Item 55 (Fol. 242a): On the conjunctions ܓܝܪ, ܕܝܢ, ܟܝܬ ,ܠܡ, etc.
  Excerpt: ܐܣܪܐ ܕܡ̈ܠܐ ܕܫ̈ܡܗܐ. ܕܐܝܢܐ ܚ̇ܝܠ̣ܐ ܘܣܘܟܠܐ ܐܝܬ ܠܟܠܚܕ ܡܢܗܘܢ̇ ܘܕܐܝܠܝܢ ܐܢܘܢ ܕܡ̇ܫܘܕܥܝܢ ܘܕܡ̣ܫܬܘܕܥܝ̣ܢ ܘܐܚܪ̈ܢܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܫܡܗ̈ܐ ܠܣܘܥܪ̈ܢܐ ܕܒܐܝܕ̈ܝܗܘܢ ܡ̣ܫܬܘܕܥܝܢ
Note: See Add. 7183, fol. 126b.
Item 56 (Fol. 242b): A list of words, arranged in alphabetical order, exemplifying the various uses and positions of the diacritical points
 
Title:
ܬܘܒ ܫܘܚܠܦ ܦܪ̈ܨܘܦܐ ܕܢܘ̈ܩܙܐ ܕܡܛܟܣܝܢ ܥܠ ܐܠܦ ܒܝܬ
Note: Compare Add. 7183, fol. 132a.
Item 57 (Fol. 246b): The number of verses in each of the Biblical books
 
Title:
ܬܘܒ ܚܘܫܒܢܐ ܕܡ̇ܚܘܐ ܕܟܡܐ ܏ܦ̈ܬ ܐܝܬ ܒܟܠܚܕ ܡܢ ܟܬ̈ܒܐ ܕܥܬܝܩܬܐ ܘܕܚܕܬܐ
Note: See Add. 7183, fol. 131b.
Item 58 (Fol. 247a): Some remarks on the points called rukkākh and kushshāi, in two sections
Note: See additions.
Item 59 (Fol. 247a): The former
  Incipit: ܐ ܒܝܬ ܓ ܕ ܘ ܝ ܠ ܦ ܬ ܒܝܕ ܗܠܝܢ ܐܬܘ̈ܬܐ ;ܕܝܢ ܡܬܬܪ̈ܨܢ ܩܪ̈ܝܬܐ ܕܪ̈ܘܟܟܐ ܘܣܛܪ
Note: See additions.
Item 60 (Fol. 247a): The latter
  Incipit: ܢܘܩܙܐ ܣܘܡܩܐ ܕܠܥܠ ܡܩܫܐ ܗ̇ܘ ܕܠܬܚܬ ܡܪܟܟ
Notes:

Additions

N.B., folio location may not be available for some items below.
N.B., items below may have been listed out of folio order in Wright's catalogue.
Addition 1 (Fol. 223a): Colophon, fol. 223a. ܫܠܡ ܠܡ̣ܟܬܒ ܒܟܬܒܐ ܗܢܐ. ܫ̈ܡܗܐ ܩܪ̈ܝܬܐ ܕܕܺܝܐܰܬܻܝ̈ܩܰܐܣ ܬܪ̈ܬܝܗܝܢ. ܕܥܬܝܩܬܐ̣ ܘܕܚܕܬܐ. ♱ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܝܢ ܐܝܬܝܗ̇܆ ܐܝܟ ܡܦܩܬܐ ܦܫܝܛܬܐ̣. ܘܐܝܟ ܡܦܩܬܐ ܕܬܐܘܡܐ ܚܪܩܠܝܐ
Addition 2: The marginal notes to The Book of the Vowel-points of the Holy Scriptures, which are mostly in the same handwriting as the text, refer principally to various readings or different modes of punctuation, more rarely to other matters. The various reading are usually indicated by the word ܡܫܬܟܚ or ܘܡܫܬܟܚ, "and there is found," abbreviated ܏ܡܫܬ or ܏ܡܫـ; but sometimes in other ways, e.g. ܒܨܚܚܐ (fol. 46a) or ܐܚܪ̈ܢܐ (fol. 200b). Not a few are taken from the Septuagint: ܒܕܫܒܥܝܢ (fol. 59b),ܕܫܒܥܝܢ, ܏ܕܫ or ܏ܫ; and one of these is inserted in the text, Ps. xl. 6, fol. 58b, ܒ݁ܕ̣ܶܒ̣̈ܚܐܶ ܘܩܘܪ̈ܒܴ݁ܢܐ̣ܶ ܠܐ ܨ̣ܒܰܝ̣ܬ݁. ܐܷܕ݂̈ܢܐܷ ܕ̣ܝ̣ܢ ܢܰܩܷ̇ܒ̤ܬ݁ ܠܝ. ܕܫܒܥܝܢ܀ ܦܓܪܐ ܕܝܢ ܬܰܩ̣ܶܢܬ ܠܝ:܀. The Harklensian version is referred to by ܚܪܩܠܝܐ abbreviated ܏ܚܪ, and sometimes by ܬܐܘܡܐ (foll. 152a, 158b, 166b).The reading of the Karkaphensian doctors are also frequently mentioned: ܩܪ̈ܩܦܝܐ (foll. 158a, 167b), abbreviated ܩ܏ܪ̈ܩ (fol. 152b), ܏ܩܪ̈ (fol. 195a), and ܏ܩ (fol. 6b); ܘܚܕ ܡܢ ܩ܏ܪ̈ܩ ܐܡ̇ܪ or ܘܚܕ ܡܢ ܩܪ̈܏ܩ ܐܡ̇ܪ ܗܘܐ (foll. 97b, 133a, 148a, 151b, 185a, 199b); ܘܚܕ ܡܢܗܘܢ ܐܡ̇ܪ ܗܘܐ with ܕܩܪ̈ܩܦܝܐ added by the same hand (fol. 121b); and perhaps also ܘܚܕ ܐܡ̇ܪ ܗܘܐ (fol. 127a).One eminent teacher is constantly indicated by the word ܛܘܒܢܐ abbreviated ܏ܛܘ.According to Wiseman , Rosen, and Forshall , the word ܛܘܼܒܢܐ indicates the readings of the Pěshiṭtā; but it seems almost certain that, like ܣܒܐ, it designates those of some eminent Doctor, probably, as M. l’Abbé Martin has shown, of Jacob of Edessa. These notes always relate to matter of orthography and pronunciation; e.g. fol. 73 b, text ܟ̣ܕ ܡ̈ܣܰܚܦܳܢ, marg. ܛܘܒܢܐ ܡܣܚܦ̣ܢ; fol. 94 a, text ܪܰܒ ܡ̈ܰܠܳܚܐ̣ܶ, marg. ܘ܏ܛܘ ܡ̈ܰܠܰܚܐ; fol. 140 a, text ܒ݁ܦ݁ܐܪܪܝܣܻܝܐܰ marg. ܛܘܒܢܐ ܒ݁ܦܱ݁ܪܷܣܻܝܴܐ; fol. 153 b, text ܪܰܛܶܢ̣ܘ ܗܘܘܼ marg. ܏ܛܘ ܪܛܢ̣ܘ; fol. 154 a, text ܡܰܫ̣ܟ̇ܢܶܗ ܕܡܷܐܠܟ̣ܘܳܡ marg. ܏ܛܘ ܕܡܰܠܟܾ̇ܘܡ; text ܕ݂ܪܰܐܦ݂ܐܰܢ marg. ܏ܛܘ ܕܱܪܦ݂ܳܢ Besides these, we find the following authorities cited: Sergius, fol. 29b, ܣܷܐܪܓܻܝܣ ܐܰܪܥܳܢܝ (text ܐܰܪܥܰܢܝ), 115b, ܣܪܓܝܣ ܘܐܝܬܝܢܝ (text ܘܰܐܝܬ݁ܰܝܬ݂ܰܢܝ); Cyril fol. 60a, Ps. lix. 11, ܕܩܕܝܫܐ ܩܺܘܪܺܝܠܳܠܘܣ. ܠܐ ܬܩܛܘܠ ܐܢܘܢ ܕܠܐ ܢ̣ܶܛܥܘܢ ܢܡܘܣܟ; Philoxenus, fol.165a, Rom. Xii. 16, ܦܠܝܟܣܝܢܘܣ ܠܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܡܟܝܟܢ; and an anonymous critic, ܣܒܐ foll. 44a, 133b.Of the remaining notes, the greater part refer to matters of punctuation, or are explanatory of difficult words. As examples take the following. Fol. 24b, ܙܒ̣ܶܢܘ ܦܩܘܕܐ ܙܒ̣ܰܢܘ ܡܬܰܢܝܳܢܐ. In Gen. 1. 26, the word ܕܘܦ݂ܢܐܳ is explained by ܓܠܘܣܩܡܐܳ (γλωσσόκομον), fol. 10a. On the word ܕ̇ܰܚܠܱܡܬ݂ܐܳ in Job vi. 6, there is the gloss ܗ̄ ܡܛܦܬܐ, fol. 41a.
Addition 3 (Fol. 206a): On the margin of fol. 206a we read the following. ܡܢ ܚܪ ܢܘܿܗܳܪܐ ܕܝܘܚܢܢ ܐܘܢܓܠܝܣܛܐ܀ ܩܠܝܘܦܐ ܘܝܘܣܦ܆ ܐܚ̈ܐ ܘܡ̇ܪܝܡ ܘܡܪܝܡ܆ ܐܡܗ ܕܡܪܝܐ̣. ܐܚ̈ܘܬܐ. ܗ̇ܢܘܢ ܗܟܝ̇ܠ ܬܪܝܢ ܐܚ̈ܐ܆ ܢ̣ܣܒ ܠܗܠܝܢ ܬܪܬܝܢ ܐܚ̈ܘܬܐ
Addition 4 (Fol. 247a): The remarks on the points called rukkākh and kushshāi, in two sections, on fol. 247 a, are in a later hand.
Addition 5 (Fol. 1a): On fol. 1 a there is a note, stating that this manuscript belonged to one Abraham bar Abd-al-Masīh of Edessa. ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܟܬܒܐ ܗܢܐ ܕܐܒܪܗܡ ܒܪ ܥܒܕ ܐܠܡܣܝܚ ܡܢܚܐ ܒܪ ܝܘܚܢܢ ܕܡܢ ܐܘܪܗܝ ܒܪ ܐܒܪܗܡ ܩܫܝܫܐ. ܡܪܝܐ ܢܢܝܚ ܐܢܘܢ ܐܡܝܢ.
Addition 6 (Fol. 1a): Under the preceding note on fol. 1 a stand the following letters, written by a European hand: E PP
Addition 7 (Fol. 247b): A note on fol. 247b records that the volume was repaired and bound for the second time by the priest Furaij. ܕܒ̇ܩ̣ ܘܚ̇ܕܬ ܠܟܘܪܣܐ ܗܢܐ ܕܫܡ̈ܗܐ ܦܘܪܝܓ ܕܝܪܝܐ ܒܨܝܪܐ ܩ܏ܫܝ ܒܫܡܐ. ܐܝܟ ܕܠܝܘܬܪܢܐ ܕܢܦܫܝ: ܚܘܕܬܐ ܕܬܪܝܢ: ܐܠܐ ܬ݁ܒܥ ܐܢܐ: ܡ̣ܢ ܟܠ ܐ̇ܚܐ ܕܚܘܒ݁ܐ. ܕܢܨ̇ܠܐ ܥܠ ܒܨܝܪܘܬܝ: ܏ܘܫ

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David A. Michelson et al., “London, BL, Add. 12178” in , last modified April 21, 2023, https://bl.syriac.uk/ms/77.

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David A. Michelson et al., “London, BL, Add. 12178.” In , edited by ., edited by D. Michelson et al.. Syriaca.org: The Syriac Reference Portal, 2023. Entry published April 21, 2023. https://bl.syriac.uk/ms/77.

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Entry Title: London, BL, Add. 12178

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